<% render partial: 'about/subnav' %>

<div class="box wide">
  <%- raise "Site owner: You need to delete app/views/home/about.html.erb and write your own about page" if Rails.env.production? and Rails.application.name != 'Lobsters' -%>

  <div class="story_text">
  <p>
  Lobsters is a computing-focused community centered around link aggregation
  and discussion, launched on July 3rd, 2012.
  The administrator is <a href="/~pushcx">Peter Bhat Harkins</a> ("pushcx"), contact him or <a href="/moderators">another moderator</a> with any support issues.
  Lobsters was created by <a href="/~jcs">joshua stein</a>
  with careful design touches to encourage a healthy community:
  </p>

  <ul>
    <li>a <a href="#tagging">tagging</a> system to categorize and filter submissions,</li>
    <li>a user <a href="#invitations">invitation tree</a> to combat spam,</li>
    <li><a href="#flags">flag explanations</a> to curb punishing disagreement,</li>
    <li>a strong commitment to <a href="#transparency">transparency</a>,</li>
    <li>and <a href="#features">many more features</a> that have been added over the years.</li>
  </ul>


  <h2 id="guidelines">Guidelines</h2>

  <p>
    <strong>Climate</strong>:
    Lobsters is more of a garden party than a debate club.
    We're learning things we didn't know to be curious about and sharing what we've made.
    Disagreements are normal but fights are not; it's OK to make your point, share a resource, and <a href="https://xkcd.com/386">let someone be wrong</a>.
    Abuse and bigotry are unwelcome.
  </p>

  <div id="topicality">
    <p>
    <strong>Topicality</strong>:
    Lobsters is focused pretty narrowly on computing; tags like <a href="/t/art">art</a> don't imply every piece of art is on-topic.
    Some rules of thumb for great stories to submit:
    Will this improve the reader's next program?
    Will it deepen their understanding of their last program?
    Will it be more interesting in five or ten years?
    </p>

    <p>
    Some things that are off-topic here but popular on larger, similar sites:
    entrepreneurship, management, news about companies that employ a lot of programmers,
    investing, world events, anthropology, self-help, personal productivity systems,
    last-resort customer service requests via public shaming,
    "I wanted to see what this site's amazing users think about this off-topic thing",
    and
    defining the single morally correct economic and political system for the entire world when we can't even settle tabs vs. spaces.
    </p>
  </div>

  <p>
    <strong>Brigading</strong>:
    Lobsters is not to be used to whip up an outrage mob and direct them at targets, especially individuals and small projects.
    It always feels righteous at first and becomes an awful tool for abuse.
    For contentious topics, try to submit a link to an overviews rather than linking into a project's community spaces like issue trackers and mailing lists.
    There isn't a clear-cut line between this and discussing trends and advocating for improvements in the field, so expect frustrating judgement calls.
  </p>

  <p id="self-promo">
    <strong>Self-promotion</strong>:
    It's great to have authors participate in the community,
    but not to exploit it as a write-only tool for product announcements or driving traffic to their work.
    As a rule of thumb, self-promo should be less than a quarter of one's stories and comments.
  </p>


  <h2 id="tagging">Tags</h2>
  <p>
  When links or stories are submitted, they must be tagged by the submitter from a list of predefined <a href="/tags">tags</a>.
  Users can choose to <a href="/filters">filter</a> out or
  subscribe to all submissions with particular tags (example: <a href="https://lobste.rs/t/programming.rss">programming.rss</a>)
  or combinations of tags (example: <a href="https://lobste.rs/t/programming,audio.rss">programming,audio.rss</a>).
  All users see all stories by default.
  The tagging system works this way for three reasons:
  </p>

  <ul>
  <li><p>
  It keeps the site on-topic by only allowing a predefined list of tags.
  These tags represent what most of the users of the site want to read, so
  content that does not fit into any of those categories should not be
  submitted.  It also keeps stories organized and more easily searchable.
  </p></li>

  <li><p>
  It promotes discussion.  On a site with separate forums, a Ruby programmer
  would probably subscribe to a Ruby forum, but not a Python one.  When a link
  is posted to the Python forum, that Ruby programmer would probably never see
  it, even though they may have something useful to say about it (perhaps the
  link is about a Python library which does the same thing as a Ruby library
  which that Ruby programmer created).  On this site, the link would get posted
  with a <a href="/t/python" class="tag">python</a> tag and shown to everyone,
  encouraging the Ruby programmer to read and comment on it (unless that Ruby
  programmer disliked Python enough to <a href="/filters">filter</a> it out).
  </p></li>

  <li><p>
  It keeps the community coherent.  Often stories contain discussion
  about more than one topic, yet on other sites they are confined to a single
  category/forum, limiting the exposure.  The link could be submitted to more
  than one forum, but then each conversation would remain separate and users
  would rarely interact with users from other forums.  On this site, the story
  would simply be tagged with multiple tags and all users would see all
  discussion about the story in a single location.
  </p></li>
  </ul>

  <p>
  Creating new tags and retiring old tags is done by the community by submitting, discussing, and voting on <a href="/t/meta" class="tag tag_meta">meta</a>-tagged requests about them,
  and these events are <a href="https://lobste.rs/moderations?utf8=✓&moderator=(All)&what[tags]=tags">logged</a> (since 2018-04).
  To propose a tag, post a <a href="/t/meta">meta</a> thread with the name and description.
  Explain the scope, list existing stories that should have been tagged, make a case for why people would want to specifically filter it out, and justify the increased complexity for submitters and mods.
  </p>


  <h2 id="invitations">Invitation Tree</h2>
  <p>
  The full <%= link_to 'user tree', users_tree_path %> is public and each user's profile
  shows who invited them.  This provides some degree of accountability and
  helps identify voting rings.
  </p>

  <p>
  Invitations are used as a mechanism for spam-control,
  to slow registrations to a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eternal_September">pace we can acculturate</a> (more below)
  and to encourage users to be nice, not to make the Lobsters userbase an elite club.
  Users are considered "new" for their first <%= User::NEW_USER_DAYS %> days,
  and their usernames appear <span class="new_user">in green</span>.
  New users can't
    send invites,
    submit links to domains we haven't seen submitted before,
    flag stories and comments,
    suggest edits to story titles and tags,
    resubmit links that have been seen before,
    or
    <span id="new-user-tags">use tags for meta discussions or that are prone to off-topic stories
    (<% Tag.not_permitted_for_new_users.pluck(:tag).map { |t| %><%= link_to t, tag_path(t) %> <%- } %>).
    </span>
  </p>

  <p>
  The quickest way to receive an invitation is to talk to someone you <%= link_to 'recognize from the site', users_tree_path %>.
  If you wrote a link that was posted, please reach out in <a href="/chat">chat</a>, we'd love to have you <a href="#self-promo">join the community</a>.
  Finally, if you can't find anyone you know in the invitation tree and didn't author something posted to the site,
  <% if Rails.application.allow_invitation_requests? %>
    you can <a href="/invitations/request">request an invite</a>.
  <% else %>
    consider getting to know the community <a href="/chat">in the chat room</a>.
  <% end %>
  </p>

  <p>
  There's no limit on how many invitations a user can send (though we might at some point, to manage <a href="https://lobste.rs/stats">growth</a>).
  There's also no official vetting process for new users, each user is responsible for inviting people they believe will contribute positively to Lobsters.
  When accounts are banned for spam, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sockpuppet_(Internet)">sockpuppeting</a>, or other abuse,
  moderators will consider disabling their inviter's ability to send invitations or, rarely, also ban them.
  </p>


  <h2 id="ranking">Ranking</h2>
  <p>
  All story and comment ranking on this site comes from user activity.
  All users have equal votes, with no special priorities or penalties for specific users or domains.
  Moderators have no ability to raise or <a href="http://www.righto.com/2013/11/how-hacker-news-ranking-really-works.html">lower</a> the rankings of stories or comments (besides voting like any user).
  Per-tag <a href="/filters">hotness modifiers</a> affect all stories with those tags;
  these modifiers (and <a href="https://lobste.rs/moderations?utf8=%E2%9C%93&moderator=(All)&what[tags]=tags">changes</a> to them) are public.
  Domains used for marketing analytics are banned and tracking parameters are removed from links
  (look for <tt>utm_</tt> in <a href="https://github.com/lobsters/lobsters/blob/master/app/models/story.rb">story.rb</a>).
  </p>

  <div id="flags">
    <p>
    Users can flag stories and comments when there's a serious problem that needs moderator attention; two flags are needed to add the story or comment to the moderation queue.
    Users must reach <%= User::MIN_KARMA_TO_FLAG %> karma to flag.
    To guide usage and head off distracting meta conversations ("Why was this flagged!?", etc), flagging requires selecting from a preset list of reasons.
    </p>

    <p>
    For stories, these are:
    "Off-topic" for stories that are not about computing;
    "Already Posted" for duplicate submissions and links that elaborate on or responses to a thread that's less than a week old (see <a href="#merging">merging</a>); and
    "Broken Link" for links that 404, 500, or present a paywall;
    "Spam" for links that promote a commercial service.
    </p>

    <p>
    For comments, these are:
    "Off-topic" for drifting into meta or topics that aren't related to the story;
    "Me-too" when a comment doesn't add new information, typically a single sentence of appreciation, agreement, or humor;
    "Troll" for derailing conversations into classic arguments, well-intentioned or not;
    "Unkind" when uncharitable, insulting, or dismissive;
    and
    "Spam" for promoting commercial services.
    </p>
  </div>

  <p>
  Less than 1% of stories or comments get flagged, and users are not automatically punished by flags.
  Users whose stories or comments are getting flagged significantly more often are strongly encouraged to talk to mods about what's not working.
  (Please don't use flagging to try to push down topics or people you don't like; click "hide" on the story and <a href="https://xkcd.com/386">move on</a> rather than clutter up the mod dashboard with false alarms.)
  </p>


  <h2 id="transparency">Transparency Policy</h2>
  <p>
  All <a href="/moderations">moderator actions</a> on this site are visible to
  everyone and the identities of those moderators are <%= link_to 'public', moderators_path %>.
  While the individual actions of a moderator may cause debate, there should be no question about if an action happened or who is responsible.
  </p>

  <p>
  If users are disruptive enough to warrant banning, they will be banned
  absolutely, given notice of their banning, and their disabled user profile
  will indicate which moderator banned them and why.
  There will be no <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow_banning">shadow banning</a> or other secret moderation actions.
  </p>

  <p>
  The <a href="https://github.com/lobsters/lobsters">source code to this site</a> and
  its <a href="https://github.com/lobsters/lobsters-ansible">provisioning and deployment</a> are
  made available under a 3-clause BSD license for viewing, auditing, forking, or contributing to.
  The codebase is used to run a dozen or so sister sites (that we know of) and we <a href="https://github.com/lobsters/lobsters/wiki">keep a list</a>;
  please get in touch if you've launched one.
  </p>

  <p id="queries">
  The Lobsters community is in a sweet spot that it's large enough to be worth asking questions about and small enough the answers make sense.
  We have <a href="/stats">some basic stats</a> available,
  and Peter is happy to run queries against the <a href="https://github.com/lobsters/lobsters/blob/master/db/schema.rb">database</a> and Rails/MySQL/nginx logs (but not write them for you),
  as long as they don't reveal personal info like IPs, browsing, and voting or create “worst-of” leaderboards celebrating most-flagged users/comments/stories.
  </p>

  <p>
  If you dislike the content or moderation policies here, you may prefer
  <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com">Y Combinator News</a>,
  <a href="https://reddit.com/r/programming">r/programming</a>,
  <a href="https://slashdot.org">Slashdot</a>,
  <a href="https://tilde.news">Tilde News</a>, or
  <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comp.*_hierarchy">comp.*</a>.
  Or you could use <a href="https://github.com/lobsters/lobsters/">our codebase</a> to start your own site.
  </p>


  <h2 id="features">Other Technical Features</h2>

  <ul>
  <li><p>
  <strong><a href="/s/jg3eet">Mailing list mode</a></strong> can be enabled
  per-user to receive all new stories (including their plain-text content as
  fetched and extracted by <a href="http://diffbot.com/">Diffbot</a>) and user
  comments as e-mails, mirroring discussion threads offline.  This makes it
  easy and efficient to read new stories as well as keep track of new comments
  on old threads or stories, just like technical mailing lists or Usenet of
  yore.  Each user is assigned a private mailing list address at this domain
  which allows them to reply to stories or comments directly in their e-mail
  client.  These e-mails are then converted and submitted to the website as
  comments, just as if the comment was posted through a web browser.
  <%- raise "Don't just delete that error message. You didn't set up mailing list mode, right? This really isn't your about page, write one from scratch." if Rails.env.production? and Rails.application.name != 'Lobsters' -%>
  </p>

  <li><p>
  <strong>Private messaging</strong> enables users to communicate privately
  without having to publicly disclose an e-mail address, and users can receive
  e-mail and <a href="https://pushover.net/">Pushover</a> notifications of new
  private messages.
  </p></li>

  <li><p>
  <strong>Responsive design</strong> enhances functionality on smaller screens
  such as phones and tablets without having to use a separate URL, 3rd party
  (often read-only) websites, or mobile apps.
  </p></li>

  <li><p>
  <strong><a href="/search">Integrated search engine</a></strong> covers all
  submitted stories and comments, including full-text caches of all submitted
  story contents.  Searching for a keyword will often bring up relevant stories
  that don't even mention that keyword in the URL or title.
  </p></li>

  <li id="merging"><p>
    <strong><a href="/s/cqq0kg/story_merging">Story merging</a></strong> collects comments on a topic that would otherwise fragment across multiple stories.
    This keeps the front page from being overwhelmed by a single topic and the discussion together for those interested (or so disinterested they'd prefer to hide it).
    Moderators merge stories on the same topic submitted within a week.
    Here's a <a href="/s/klkmey">small</a> and <a href="/s/zknzmj">large</a> example.
  </p></li>

  <li><p>
  <strong>Fuzzy-matching of submitted story URLs</strong> to avoid duplicate
  submissions of similar URLs that differ only in <tt>http</tt> vs.
  <tt>https</tt>, trailing slashes, useless analytics parameters, etc.  When
  using the story submission bookmarklet, story URLs are automatically
  converted to use the page's canonical URL (if available) to present the best
  URL to represent the story, as defined by the story's author or publisher.
  </p></li>

  <li><p>
  <strong><a href="/s/z2dczs">User-suggested titles and tags</a></strong> can
  be automatically applied to a story when a quorum of users agrees on a new
  title (such as removing a site's name, or appending the story's year of
  publication) or set of tags, without any moderator action required.
  (<a href="https://lobste.rs/moderations?utf8=%E2%9C%93&moderator=(Users)">Log</a>)
  </p></li>

  <li><p>
  <strong><a href="/hats">Hats</a></strong> are a more formal process of
  allowing users to post comments while "wearing <em>such and such</em> hat" to
  give their words more authority (such as an employee speaking for the
  company, or an open source developer speaking for the project).
  </p></li>

  <li><p>
  <strong><a href="/rss">Per-tag, multi-tag and site-wide RSS feeds</a></strong> are
  available to the public and logged-in users have private RSS feeds that
  filter out each user's <a href="/filters">filtered tags</a>.
  </p></li>

  <li><p>
    <strong><a href="https://mastodon.social/@lobsters">Official Fediverse bot</a></strong>
    posts all stories that have reached the front page for easy following, retooting/sharing, or archiving.
  </p></li>

  <% if false %>
  <li><p>
  <strong><a href="http://lobsters3ik6yqwj.onion/">Tor onion/hidden
  service</a></strong> for anonymous access to the site.
  </p></li>
  <% end %>

  <li><p>
  <strong>Stickers</strong> will be available again when someone finds a service that will print and ship 2" square vinyl stickers
  with a bleed &lt;= 1/16" (preferably full-bleed) directly to people who want them.
  </p></li>
  </ul>


  <h2 id="trivia">Trivia</h2>

  <ul>
  <li><p>
  Lobsters is hosted on three <a href="https://slugs.do-api.dev/">VPSs</a> at DigitalOcean:
  a <tt>s-4vcpu-8gb</tt> for the web server,
  a <tt>s-4vcpu-8gb</tt> for the mariadb server, and
  a <tt>s-1vcpu-1gb</tt> for the <a href="/chat">IRC bot</a>.
  Our domain name is registered with <a href="https://cridomains.rs/en">CRI Domains</a>, who donated our first year of registration.
  DNS is provided by <a href="https://dnsimple.com/">DNSimple</a> and
  we use <a href="https://restic.net/">restic</a> for backups to <a href="https://www.backblaze.com/b2">b2</a>, both of which pushcx pays for.
  Lobsters is cheap to run, so we <a href="https://lobste.rs/s/95uler/would_there_be_interest_patreon_for#c_9l58ia">don't</a> <a href="https://lobste.rs/s/udj6qf/hosting_update#c_jgro9y">take</a> donations.
  </p></li>

  <li>
    There are weekly <a href="https://lobste.rs/s/zzprkr/weekly_lobsters_office_hours">office hours</a> streams live on Twitch.
    You can drop by to ask questions, have a <a href="#queries">query run</a>, or kibitz about the site.
    There is an <a href="https://push.cx/stream">archive with transcripts</a> available.
  </li>

  <li id="emoji" style="list-style: none; position: relative; left: -1em;">
  <span style="float: left; line-height: 1.5em;">🦞</span>
  <p style="padding-left: 1em;">
  <a href="https://unicode.org/consortium/adopted-characters.html#s1f99E">Sponsor of the lobster emoji</a>:
  In February 2018, Lobsters <a href="https://lobste.rs/s/pnysdr/lobsters_emoji_adoption">held a fundraiser</a>
  to officially adopt the new lobster emoji in support of the Unicode Foundation.
  </p></li>

  <li id="michaelbolton"><p>
  The name "Lobste.rs" is a cute <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_hack">domain hack</a> without any deeper meaning.
  <%- require 'digest/md5'; instance_variable_set("@#{controller_name}#{action_name}", Digest::MD5.hexdigest(Rails.env) == 'fd89784e59c72499525556f80289b2c7' && Digest::MD5.hexdigest(Rails.application.name) != '4e7c4ddc593da2e7a1cc8c6dc2d38eba') -%>
  Six years after the site was created,
  the fans of a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241230210237/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/18/style/jordan-peterson-12-rules-for-life.html">self-help guru</a>
  named themselves after a <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hSNWkRw53Jo&t=2504s">dumb mistake he made about lobsters</a>.
  This is an inconvenient coincidence and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ADgS_vMGgzY">it would be great if they'd stop it</a>.
  </p></li>

  <li>
    <p>
      As a Rails app that's big enough to have real-world complexity but small enough to be easily read,
      our <a href="https://github.com/lobsters/lobsters">codebase</a> has seen a few interesting uses:
    </p>
    <ul>
      <li>MIT researchers used <a href="https://lobste.rs/s/cqnzl5/lobste_rs_access_pattern_statistics_for">access patterns</a>
        in development of a <a href="https://lobste.rs/s/uxgjha/noria_dynamic_partially_stateful_data">new database</a>.</li>
      <li>University of Chicago researchers unethically <a href="https://github.com/lobsters/lobsters/issues/518">experimented</a>
        on <a href="https://github.com/lobsters/lobsters/issues/517">maintainers</a>
        with <a href="https://lobste.rs/s/3qgyzp/they_introduce_kernel_bugs_on_purpose#c_bxb4rk">institutional complicity</a>.</li>
      <li>
        Shopify's Ruby performance team <a href="https://lobste.rs/s/m9ivcf/we_turned_lobste_rs_into_rails_benchmark">performance tested</a>
        the YJIT compiler they contributed to MRI Ruby.
      </li>
    </ul>
    <p>Please do <a href="https://lobste.rs/~pushcx">reach out</a> if you find a use for our code!</p>
  </li>

  <li><p>
  We have a backup domain <tt>lobsters.dev</tt> in case of issues with our primary domain.
  </p></li>

  <li><p>
    If you prefer the article links or comment links to open a new tab instead of navigating in your current tab you can add
    <a href="https://greasyfork.org/en/scripts/392307-lobste-rs-open-in-new-tab">a client-side script</a> to do so.
    (<a href="https://lobste.rs/s/0g48hl/open_links_articles_new_tab">Discussion</a>)
  </p></li>

  </ul>
  </div>
</div>
